Alnus 945 



foot, and as measured down to 3 inches diameter, produced 817 cubic feet and 



'■ealised ^24 10 o 



Deduct expenses of cutting and hauling out . . ;^2 16 o 



,. )) loading and delivering to station at 



6s. per ton . 280 



540 



Leaving a net return of . ...... /■lo 6 o 



Four men were occupied for 42 days in working the timber up on the ground 



and produced : 



196^ dozen pair ist size, men's, at a cost of is. 4d. per dozen . ;^i3 2 o 



209 „ „ and ,, women's, „ is. 2d. 



98^ „ „ 3rd „ boys', „ lod. 



119J „ „ 4th „ children's, „ 8d. 



Total for labour 



12 3 10 

 421 

 3 19 8 



£33 7 7 



The maker informed me that the cost of carriage to Oldham was £8, 2s. at the 

 rate of £1 per ton, and that the sum realised was ;C72, in addition to which he had 

 the whole of the waste and chips to sell for firewood. 



ALNUS INCANA, Grey Alder 



Aifius incana, Moench, Meth. 424 (1794); Willdenow, Sp. PI. iv. 335 (1805); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. 



Brit. iii. 1687 (1838); Willkomm, Forstliche Flora, 349 (1887); Mz.'C'm.&i., Flore Forestiire, 426 



(1897); Winkler, Betulacea, 120 (1904). 

 Alnus lanuginosa, Gilibert, Exercit. Phyt. ii. 402 (1792). 

 Alnus glauca, Michaux, f.. Hist. Arb. Amer. iii. 322 (18 13). 

 Betula Alnus incana, Linnaeus, Sp. PL 983 (1753). 

 Betula incana, Linnaeus, f., Suppl. 417 (1781). 



A tree, attaining about 70 feet in height and 6 feet in girth. Bark smooth and 

 silvery grey, only Assuring slightly at the base of old trunks. Young branchlets 

 greyish pubescent. Leaves (Plate 268, Fig, i) about 3 inches long and 2 inches wide, 

 ovate or oval, rounded or cuneate at the base, acute or slightly acuminate at the 

 apex ; lateral nerves nine to twelve pairs, running straight to the margin, each 

 ending in a short acute lobe, which is finely serrate and ciliate ; upper surface dull, 

 dark green, pubescent ; lower surface greyish, covered with soft hairs, densest on 

 the midrib and nerves, without axil-tufts ; petiole, f inch long, pubescent. 



Catkins in number and position like those of A, glutinosa ; but male catkins 

 looser, with distant shining red-brown scales and yellow anthers. Cones smaller 

 than in A. glutinosa, with more numerous scales, thinner and less distinctly five- 

 lobed. Nutlets depressed, pentagonal, reddish-brown, with wing almost as broad as 

 the body. 



In winter the twigs are three-angled at the tip, and densely covered with a fine 

 IV 2 H 



