94 ON SEA-SIDE PLANTING. 
come, as the salt spray exhausts itself at a lower altitude. In 
such cases, where the ground forms a declivity, or falls from 
the coast side, or where the outside shelter is established, 
plantations enjoy an immunity, not only from saline influences, 
but from the severity of the frosts of winter. The high tem- 
perature of such places during the winter months acts favour- 
ably on plantations in general, and particularly on many of 
our best ornamental trees and shrubs. Plantations have 
recently been successfully formed both in England and in 
Scotland in the vicinity of the sea, in soil apparently of the 
poorest description, which until of late was reckoned wholly 
unfit for vegetation. .These plantations, however, are not 
only giving promise of becoming profitable as timber, but are 
already spreading a shelter, and consequent fertility, over the 
adjoining lands. Some of the most thriving sea-side planta- 
tions in England were formed at Trimingham and Runton, the 
property of Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, Bart., and stand on the 
northern extremity of the county of Norfolk, on the cliffs ad- 
joining that part of the coast known as the “ Yarmouth Roads.” 
They were chiefly formed in 1840 and the three succeeding 
years ; the ground ranges from 200 to 500 feet above the sea; 
generally speaking, the surface is poor, and the subsoil a hard 
ferruginous gravel. In a report on these plantations, for 
which the Highland and Agricultural Society awarded the 
late Mr. Grigor of Norwich their gold medal, the success of 
these plantations is chiefly attributed, first, to the careful 
preparations of the ground, by trenching eighteen inches in 
depth ; second, to the fences, composed of furze and brush- 
wood, and similar materials, having been erected as screens 
six feet high; third, to the plants being of the best descrip- 
tion, two and three years old, transplanted into nursery lines 
the year before they were inserted into the plantation, and 
consequently possessed of bushy or fibrous roots, and closely 
planted 23 to 3 feet apart ; and fourth, to cleaning, by hoeing 
the land for the first two years after planting, during which 
period root crops were produced among the young plants. 
These plantations embrace a space of 114 acres. The trench- 
