120 HEDGE-ROW TIMBER. 
of tillage. As a timber tree, particularly for agricultural pur- 
poses, it has no superior. 
The larch, although seldom introduced into the hedge-rows 
of highly cultivated districts possessed of a superior climate, 
is nevertheless a very suitable tree; it forms an agreeable 
variety, and breaks the monotonous appearance of some dis- 
tricts. It is profitable, being of rapid growth, and valuable 
as timber, and is less subject to disease in an isolated position 
than in masses. No tree is less injurious to green crops ; its 
leaves enrich the soil, and when shed are commonly deposited 
on the surface around its roots. In rough situations, however, 
it is apt to be bent by prevailing winds, and to become un- 
sightly. 
For avenues, where a depth of embowering shade and 
seclusion are required, the lime-tree, with its large umbrageous 
head, yielding sweetly-scented blossoms, has no superior. The 
horse-chestnut also is generally a favourite in such places. 
The Spanish chestnut, sycamore, Scotch elm, beech, and planes, 
are all of that large and spreading habit of growth which 
recommend them for such purposes. 
For situations too rough and exposed for trees in general, 
the sycamore, service tree, mountain ash, beech, Scotch 
elm, and hoary poplar (Populus canescens), are most likely 
to succeed. The three kinds first named are remarkable for 
their unyielding character in cold or windy situations, and 
even at great elevations they grow erect and produce well- 
balanced heads. 
Of evergreen trees, the varieties of holly and oak are the 
best adapted for hedgerows. Of these, the tallest growing 
are Turner’s evergreen oak and the Fulham oak, a sub- 
evergreen. 
Among flowering plants for ornament, the varieties of 
thorn, laburnum, and scarlet horse-chestnut are pre-eminent. 
A ready method of establishing lines of the numerous species 
of the first-named genus is, by selecting strong stems of the 
common hawthorn or quick, in a vigorous growing hedge. 
Such will readily train to a considerable height, when they. 
