

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS XVll 



Fig. Page 



62 Upright Limb Replaces Horizontal One . 84 



63 Leader Renewed in Broken Tree . . .86 



64 One of the Worst Foes of Trees Is the "Line 



Man" 88 



65 Tree's Attempt to Offset Butchering . . 88 



66 Yearling Growth Cut Back . . . .90 



67 How Crooked Branches Are Made . . 91 



68 One Way Horizontal Branches Are Killed . 93 



69 Poorly "Pruned" Pear . . . .94 



70 Twenty-Year-Old Catalpa Plantation . . 96 



71 Typical Pasture-Grown White Pine . . 98 



72 Branches of Low-Headed Trees Tend to As- 



cend at Acute Angles .... 100 



73 Badly Developed Tree Head . . . 104 



74 Effects of Ringing Young Trees . . . 108 



75 Shoot Growth from Stubs Left in A'lay . . Ill 



76 Shoot Growth from Winter-Pruned Stubs . 112 



77 Effects of August Pruning . . . 113 



78 How Bark Becomes Rough by Splitting and 



Healing . . . ' . . .121 



79 Cross Sections of White Pine (2 x 4) Scant- 



lings Showing Branches Buried by Tissue . 122 



80 Cross Section of Pine Scantling . . . 123 



81 Dead Limbs Being Buried .... 123 



82 History of a Stub in Six Chapters . . 124 



83 Hoping Still 125 



84 More Than Three-Fourths of the Trunk Lost 

 by Decay and Breakage .... 125 



85 Flicker's Nest 126 



86 Cannon Ball in Oak Tree . . . .127 



87 Heart Decaying 128 



88 Cuts Made Heading-In Twigs . . . 129 



89 Wrong Way to Cut Off Big Limbs . . 130 



90 Proper Way to Start Cutting Off Large Limb 131 



91 Second Cut Properly Made in Sawing Off 



Large Limbs ..... 132 



