18S 



PRINCIPr.ES AND PRACTICE OF PRUNING 



a lieav}' soil at an elevation of 100 feet (80). While the 

 principles underlying- the pruning of these two trees may 

 he the same, the application may he radically different. 



We need, first, to form a clear understanding of what 

 these principles arc, and, second, to study more closely 

 than wc ever have in the past their application to our 

 indi^'idual orchards. 



FIG. I47^0LD BARTLETT FRUIT SPURS WHICH BLOOM YEARLY BUT 

 SELDOM BEAR FRUIT 

 At a are spurs which bloomed but set no fruit. Some of them have produced 

 blossom buds for next year. At b are scars where fruits probably set and in the 

 cases of the larger scars possibly ripened. Perhaps, however, some of these are 

 scars left by twigs which died. 



154. Three types of trees are grown in the North- 

 west : the so-called open, globe or vase-shaped tree, the 

 center leader type, and the modified leader type. 



154a. In the vase or open tree three to five branches are 

 chosen to form the framework of the tree ; any tendency 

 of a branch to assume the lead is suppressed; no leader 

 being allowed to grow. Each of the three to five branches 

 is given equal prominence in the tree. This tree was 

 borrowed from the French and has been modified in this 

 country to suit our special needs. For example, in parts 



