1''2 I'KINC iri.lCS AM) l'K.\(T]C'l% Ol" PRUNING 



Hlj. 152— TYPICAL LEADER TREE 

 Five-year-old Winter Nelis pear l-'e'^un as 

 an open center, but typical of tlie leader type 

 of training. The lower branches are not 

 keeping pace \\'ith the upper and are becoin- 

 in;,' weak in comparison. To sa\e or restore 

 balance the upper branches must be suppressed. 



FIG. 153 — THREE DECKS OF 

 FRAME LIMBS 

 Note distances between decks 

 and the general stocky appearance 

 nt the tree. 



mail would say that 30 

 inches will make a low- 

 headed tree; another 

 that this is extremeh' 

 high. Ilie Pacific Coast 

 grows low-headed trees. 

 Experience has shown 

 that these arc the easiest to care for, that they are the 

 most economical for thinning, harvesting, spraying and 

 pruning, and that we can shade the trunks and main 

 scaffold limbs better with this type of tree, than with a 

 high-headed tree. In parts of the Inland Empire growers 

 often head their trees at 8 or D inches. Many Jonathan 

 trees in the Kocky ]Mf)untain district, and in certain por- 

 tions of Idaho, eastern Oregon and AA^ashington, are 

 heafled in this way and are gi\ing satisfactory results. 

 L'ndcr such conditions they must protect the trees as 



