194 PIUNCirLES AND TEACTICE OF PRUNING 



fruit growers would advise fall pruning in the Northwest, 

 unless one has such a large acreage that it is impossible 

 to complete the work unless the pruning is commenced 

 early in the season. If it becomes necessary to prune 



FIG. 157 

 MODIFIED LEADER 

 This splendid type of 

 modified leader tree, a 

 five-year-old VVagener 

 apple, \\'as summer 

 pruned in July and 

 photographed in Janu- 

 ary. Note the amount 

 of after-growth. This 

 indicates Ihat the tree 

 was pruned at about 

 the right period. 



trees in fall or \'cry 

 earl_v winter, gmwers 

 prune the older trees 

 first, lea\'ing the 

 A'oungcr ones fur the 

 last. Wc slioulfl cau- 

 tion against pruning 

 trees when the}' are 

 frozen. Much heart mt antl die-back have resulted from 

 pruning frozen trees. Tt is possil)lc to prune trees some- 

 what even after they come out fully in the spring. 



ICO. Three lessons in pruning young trees. — Pruning 



FIG. 158 

 E.XAMPLE OF UNEQUAL GROWTH 



Branch A is growing at the expense of the 

 otlier branches. It should therefore be sup- 

 pressed. 



