31 



simply as elm. The name refers to a flattening of the 

 small twigs. 



Witch Hazel {Hamamelis mrginiana) . — This is gen- 

 erally a shrub, but it may attain a height of 25 or 30 

 feet, with a diameter of a foot or more. The wood is 

 hard and heavy, and light brown in color. 



Yaupon {Ilex vomit(/ria) . — This species of holly is often 

 called cassena. The trees are small, the wood white, 

 hard, and strong. 



Yellow Buckthorn (Bhamnus caroliniana) , or yellow 

 wood, is seldom more than six inches in diameter. The 

 wood is rather hard, but is light and weak. 



Yellow Haw (Crataegus flava). — This tree is small, sel- 

 dom more than 20 feet high, and 8 or 10 inches in diam- 

 eter. 



Yellow Oak (Quercus velutina). — This is one of the 

 large commercial oaks, and its wood often passes for 

 red oak. 



