120 FRUIT-GARDENING. 



should be done wherever there are no rocks or large stones to 

 prevent it." 



HORIZONTAL TRAINING. 



A vine may te trained horizontally under the coping of a 

 close fence or wall, to a great distance, and the torders in an 

 east, south-east, and southern aspect of large gardens may be 

 famished with a variety of sorts, which will ripen in great per- 

 fection, without encumbering the borders ; or the plants -may 

 be trained low, like currant-bushes ; in which case, three or 



Training in the Form of a Tree. 



more shoots, eighteen inches or two feet in length, may diverge 

 from the stem near the ground, to supply young wood annu- 

 ally for bearing. The summer pruning consists in removing 

 shoots which have no fruit, or are not required for the succeed- 

 ing season ; and in topping fruit-bearing shoots, and also those 

 for succeeding years when inconveniently long and straggling. 

 For as, by this mode, the shoots destined to bear are all cut 

 into three or four eyes at the winter pruning, no inconvenience 

 arises from their throwing out laterals near the extremitiea, 

 which topping wUl generally cause them to do. 



