il PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES AMONG ANIMALS 63 
theseus, that several writers have classed them as the same 
species. Papilio liris, found only in the island of Timor, is 
accompanied there by P. enomaus, the female of which so 
exactly resembles it that they can hardly be separated in the 
cabinet, and on the wing are quite undistinguishable. But 
one of the most curious cases is the fine yellow-spotted 
Papilio céon, which is unmistakably imitated by the female 
tailed form of Papilio memnon. These are both from 
Sumatra; but in North India P. céon is replaced by another 
species, which has been named P. doubledayi, having red 
spots instead of yellow; and in the same district the corre- 
sponding female tailed form of Papilio androgeus, sometimes 
considered a variety of P. memnon, is similarly red-spotted. 
Mr. Westwood has described some curious day-flying moths 
(Epicopeia) from North India, which have the form and colour 
of Papilios of this section, and two of these are very good 
imitations of Papilio polydorus and Papilio varuna, also from 
North India. 
Almost all these cases of mimicry are from the tropics, 
where the forms of life are more abundant, and where insect 
development especially is of unchecked luxuriance ; but there 
are also one or two instances in temperate regions. In North 
America, the large and handsome red and black butterfly 
Danais Archippus is very common; and the same country is 
inhabited by Limenitis Misippus, which closely resembles the 
Danais, while it differs entirely from every species of its own 
enus. 
The only case of probable mimicry in our own country 
is that of the common white moth (Spilosoma menthastri), 
referred to at p. 56 as being rejected by young turkeys 
among hundreds of other moths on which they greedily 
fed. Each bird in succession took hold of this moth and 
threw it down again, as if too nasty to eat. Mr. Jenner 
Weir also found that this moth was refused by the Bullfinch, 
Chaffinch, Yellow Hammer, and Red Bunting, but eaten after 
much hesitation by the Robin. We may therefore fairly con- 
clude that this species would be disagreeable to many other 
birds, and would thus have an immunity from attack, which 
may be the cause of its great abundance and of its conspicu- 
ous white colour. Now it is a curious thing that there is 
