1922] Swarth: Birds and Mammals of the Stikine Region 139 



huckleberry in the drier woods. The only open ground was found in 

 some long, narrow lanes extending down from below the glacier, where 

 apparently strips of forest had been swept away by avalanches of ice 

 or rocks. 



The moraine consists of huge, angular rocks massed in ridges and 

 is largely hidden by forest growth, which extends close to the glacier. 

 Large spruce and hemlock trees grow between the rocks, and devil's- 

 club, salmonberry, and other shrubbery cover the surface of the 

 boulders. Most of the depressions were flooded by beaver ponds, with 

 surrounding borders of alder. 



Fig. L. Mouth of Stikine River at low tide. The ocean tides ascend many 

 miles up stream. At low water extensive sand bars are exposed at the river's 

 mouth; the channel is then broken up into numerous small, shallow passages, 

 impassable to even a very small boat. Photograph taken at Sergief Island, 

 Alaska, September 5, 1919. 



GREAT GLACIER 

 The fanlike front of the Great Glacier, four or five miles across, 

 issues from the mountains on the west side of the- Stikine about fifteen 

 miles above the British Columbia-Alaska boundary line. Our camp 

 site was below the southern end of the Glacier. The river bank at that 

 point is rather high and abrupt, cut through a deep layer of gravel 

 that extends back to the terminal moraine of the glacier. This dry, 

 well drained strip is not of a nature to support such forest growths as 

 we found below Flood Glacier, and the woods were fairly open. There 

 are extensive areas grown with scattered thickets of alder and a few 

 scattered spruce and cottonwoods, the open ground between being 



