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University of California Publications in Zoology V^^^- ^4 



All nests discovered were on the ground, but in a variety of situa- 

 tions. Some were in the shelter of a bank or stump, others on open, 

 level ground with little or no concealment. Five nests with sets of eggs 

 were preserved (nos. 1811-1815), four sets of four eggs each, one of 

 five. The nests are all much alike in structure, rather flimsily built, 

 mainly of rather fine dry grass or weed stems, with occasionally some 

 shreds of bark or coarser twigs or straws on the outside, and with 

 finer grass or hair for lining. 



rig. Z. Nest of the Cassiar junco (Junoo hyemalis connectens) , placed under 

 a fallen tree at the side of a trail. Photograph taken near the Junction, June 

 6, 1919. 



The first young out of the jiest was taken on June 14, hardly able 

 to fly. Shortly after young birds began to appear in considerable 

 numbers. Up to the third week in July they were still in the streaked 

 plumage throughout, the post-juvenal molt had not yet begun ; shortly 

 after that time we left the territory of this subspecies, so that no 

 specimens in autumnal plumage were collected. 



This junco is mainly a bird of the valleys, mostly in rather open 

 woods. A few were seen well up in the mountains, not in the dense 

 spruce forests of the middle heights, but at the upper edge of the 

 timber, where the trees were more scattered and of smaller size. This 

 was at about 4000 feet elevation. 



The male junco was sometimes seen making a display of his 

 plumage. The tail was widely spread, so as to expose the white outer 

 feathers, about the only sharply contrasting feature of the junco 's 



