LAMARCK THE ZOOLOGIST 185 



The zoologists who explored Egypt were Geoffroy 

 St. Hilaire and Savigny. Those who visited the 

 East, the South Seas, the East Indian archipel- 

 ago, and other regions were Brugui^re, Olivier, 

 Bory de St. Vincent, Pdron, Lesueur, Quoy, Gaimard, 

 Le Vaillant, Edoux, and Souleyet. The natural re- 

 sult was the enormous collections of the Jardin des 

 Plantes, and consequently enlarged views regarding 

 the number and distribution of species, and their re- 

 lation to their environment. 



In Paris, about the time of Lamarck's death, flour- 

 ished also Savigny, who published his immortal works 

 on the morphology of arthropods and of ascidians ; 

 and Straus-Durckheim, whose splendidly illustrated 

 volumes on the anatomy of the cockchafer and of the 

 cat will never cease to be of value ; and E. Geoffroy 

 St. Hilaire, whose elaborate and classical works on 

 vertebrate morphology, embryology, and compar- 

 ative anatomy added so much to the prestige of 

 French science. 



We may be sure that Lamarck did his own work 

 without help from others, and gave full credit to 

 those who, like Defrance or Bruguifere, aided or im- 

 mediately preceded him. He probably was lacking 

 in executive force, or in the art which Cuvier knew 

 so well to practise, of enlisting young men to do the 



man birth and education. From 1823 to 1850 England fitted up 

 and sent out exploring expeditions commanded by Beechey, Fitzroy, 

 Belcher, Ross, Franklin, and Stanley, the naturalists of which were 

 Bennett, Owen, Darwin, Adams, and Huxley. From Germany, less 

 of a maritime country, at a later date, Humboldt, Spix, Prince Wied- 

 Nieuwied, Natterer, Perty, and others made memorable exploring 

 expeditions and journeys. 



