CONIPEEALES 



71 



In 1845 Von Mohl ^ suggested that the ovuliferous scale is 

 a leaf of an axillary shoot, but later (1871) he modified his view 

 somewhat. 



In 1853 A. Braun * first advanced the theory that the 

 ovuliferoTis scale represents the first two leaves of an axillary 

 shoot, which are fused by their margins, a view held later by 

 Caspary, Parlatore, Oersted, Von Mohl, Stenzel, Engelmann, 

 Willkomm, and Celakovsky. Braun's illustrative material con- 

 sisted of a monstrous cone of Larix, in which the ovuliferous 

 scale was replaced by a short branch bearing two leaves trans- 

 versely placed, the bract developing as a foliage leaf. 



It may be of interest to note that in 1860 Baillon ® an- 

 nounced his opposition to the theory of gymnospermy, a posi- 



FiG. 56.— Ovulate structures of Tarions Conifers : 1, Abies pectinata, ovulate strobilus ; 

 2, dorsal view of bract and ovuliferous scale ; S, ventral view of same ; 4, longi- 

 tudinal section of same ; 5, a winged seed ; 6, longitudinal section of seed ; 7, Pinus 

 siheatris, ventral view of ovuliferous scale ; 8, Larix Europaea, ovuliferous scale, 

 and bract with bristle ; 9, longitudinal section of same.— After Keenek. 



tion which he maintained persistently, basing it upon the first 

 really careful researches in the organogeny of the structures 

 under discussion. He sustained Schleiden's view that the ovu- 



