RALLID.€. 23 



CC» Toes provided with conspicuous lateral lobes or flaps; primaries 

 about equal to secondaries. (Sub-family Fulicuia.) (Page 24.) I'^ulica. 



Genus I>BN'NUI,A D01.E. 



General color above dark ruddy brown with darker centres to the feathers, pro- 

 ducing a somewhat mottled appearance; wing coverts like the back and very much 

 elongated; quills blackish with rusty brown outer edges; tail feathers blackish, com- 

 pletely hidden by the feathers of the rump ; head more uniform brown with a ruddy 

 tinge ; sides of the face like the top of the head ; throat and under surface of the body 

 dark vinaceous ruddy, a trifle paler shade on the throat. (Measurements from the 

 two mounted specimens in the Museum from Mills colle6lion.) Length about 5.50, 

 wing 2.70 do., tail .75 do., tarsus i.oo, 108, toe (?) .85, culmen .75-76, depth of bill 

 .30 do." Hab. The uplands of Hawaii ; rare or extinct. 



39. P. ecauda'ta'3 King. Sandwich Rail, Moho. 



Gknus POR^AN'UI/A Frohawk. 



Upper parts generall}' sandy brown with black centres to the feathers ; some- 

 times white in the centre of the back or rump ; wing coverts uniform with the back 

 except for the black streaks ; sides of the head, throat and breast dark ashy grey; flanks 

 and under tail coverts sand}' brown, like back, with occasional white spots ; under wing 

 coverts sandy buff ; wing and tail feathers brown with sandy margins. Length about 

 6.00, wing 2.18-2.25, tail i.oo-i.io, culmen .65-.80, middle toe 1.10-1.30. Hab. Laysan. 

 PI. XXIV., 7911, 7912. 40. P. palm'eri Froh. I^aysan Rail. 



Genus GAI/I^IN'TJlyA Brisson. 



Uniform plumbeous, sides of body streaked with white ; base of lower mandible 

 red vermilion like shield ; bill tipped -with greenish yellow. Male: General color of 

 the back dark olive brown refledling ruddy brown ; head and neck blackish fading into 

 slate-gre}' on the upper neck and under parts. Winter adult: Similar, but frontal shield 

 smaller. Young: Sooty black more or less mixed with Avhite below. Adults in the 



22 Mr. Wilson, doubtless in error, gives total length about 13.00, wing 6.00, tarsus 3.25. middle toe with cl.iw just under 3.00, culmen .75. 



23 Mr. Scott B. Wilson, in discussing the genus Pennula (Aves Hawaiiensis, p. 171-178) finds grounds for the making of three species — two 

 species in addition to the typical P. ecaudata. His description of P. sandvicensis (Gniel.) is based on the drawing executed by :\Ir. W. W. Ellis 

 in 1779, to which Mr. Wilson appends Latham's description which is as follows : "Size small ; bill dusky ash color ; general color of the plum- 

 age pale ferruginous ; the feathers on the upper parts darkest in the middle : tail short, hid by the upper coverts ; legs dusky flesh color. 

 Inhabits Sandwich Isles. Was also found on the island of Tanna: but the plumage is darker on the upper parts and the bill and legs yellow- 

 ish.— Sir Joseph Banks." The Ellis drawing is only the crudest suggestion of the general form of a Pennula, while Latham's description is 

 very meagre ; and since there seems not to be a single example in any museum, and "no example of the Sandwich Rail has been met with 

 within human memory," it is quite possible that the drawings and description could have emanated from, and therefore should be referred to, 

 the well known extinct and exceedingly rare ecaudata of King (1785). Pennula witsoni'xs based "on the so-called 'Sandwich Rail' in the Leiden 

 Museum." The original description by Dr. O. Finsch is here appended. "Schlegel's type in the Leiden Museum : Upper parts dark ruddv 

 brown with blackish centres to the feathers of the back and wings, producing on these parts well marked longitudinal stripes ; head and 

 neck somewhat lighter and uniform ruddy bi-ownlike the sides of the head and neck ; under parts uniform rusty brown shading into vinous 

 red, a little darker on the flanks ; middle of chin somewhat lighter; anal region and lower tail coverts dark vinous red forming a well 

 marked darker patch ; primaries blackish very narrowly margined with brown on the outer webs ; broad and lax upper tail coverts with 

 very narrow light rusty brown apical margins, showing as lighter undulations ; bill and feet light horny brown (as far as can be judged 

 greenish in life). Sex and habitat unknown." Measurements (/. c. Finsch) ; 'fotal length 1^0 mm., wing 73 mm., culmen ig mm., tarsus 

 30 mm., tibia 7 mm., middle toe and claw 3.S mm. 



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