NORTHERN CIRCARS. 121 



overseer was intimated to them, and that his salary would be 

 met by a small tax. Certain trees are always carefully pre- 

 served : they are chiefly — 1. Mango ; 2. Date ; 3. Wood-apple, 

 koeto; 4. Bauhinia, bovada ; 5. Bottkra tinetoria, Sundosagunda ; 

 6. Caryota urens, solopo ; 7. Bassia latifolia, mohollo. The two 

 last are reserved, on account of the intoxicating liquors they 

 yield, which are in great request. From what I witnessed, it is 

 to be feared the Kunds are becoming a dissipated people. 



Ganjam. — There is an abundant supply of wood for burning 

 in this district. In some parts it has been much reduced, as in 

 the Beredy Zamindari, where all the large trees have been con- 

 sumed in boiling salt, the usual mode of manufacture by solar 

 evaporation not being practised there. Again, in the Gumsur 

 taluk, on the banks of both rivers leading to Aska, great clear- 

 ances have been made, often preceding cultivation, but some- 

 times occasioning the destruction of fine sal timber. 



As this district requires opening up, and there is a great 

 abundance of wood, all that seems necessary is to reserve the sal 

 and a few other superior woods, confining the firewood cutting to 

 the woods of less value. Instructions to this effect were fully 

 given in my presence to the contractors who tender for the supply 

 of the Aska factory. The road from Eusselconda has been 

 cleared up to Durgaprasad, near the foot of the Kalingia Ghat. 

 The Kunds come down once a week to the market at Belligunza, 

 bringing oil-seed, wheat, turmeric, and a little cotton ; they return 

 the following day. Capt. Harrington is building a large choultry 

 (rest-house) for them. It is intended to continue this road to 

 Sambalpur, where it joins the high road to Nagpore. The 

 trace traverses much of the sal forest, avoiding the river, and 

 keeping to the high ground, where the trees are not so well 

 grown. Side tracks would be required in various directions, but 

 these would be easily made. It may be well to mention, that 

 there is a good road from G-anjam to Eusselconda (via Berham- 

 pur), in which the streams are all bridged, and carts have re- 

 course to the forest from Eusselconda, and even Ichapur, a 

 distance of 76 miles. It was a most interesting sight to see 80 

 children of the state (Sirkar hi Bucbd), as they call themselves, — 

 rescued Merias, — engaged in making a road, calculated to de- 



