292 ANAMALAI HIGHER RANGES. 



Orophea, two new species ; Unona pannosa, Guatteria coffeoides, 

 Cyathocalyxzeylanicus, Garcinia, Pterospermum obtusifoliurn, Ster- 

 culia guttata, Machilus, Gasearia, a new species ; Euonymus, two 

 apparently new forms, one with downy leaves, and the other 

 much like a lime tree ; Agrostemma, two species ; Ophioxylon, 

 a new species, with falcate bracts ; Poihomorphe subpeltata, Acran- 

 thera zeylanica, Nephelium erectum, a very gorgeous species of 

 Pachycentria ; and two rare Euphorbiaceous trees, Dimorphocalyx 

 glabellas and Desmostemon zeylanicum, lately described by Mr 

 Thwaites. 



Many of the trees in the dark sholas are covered with beau- 

 tiful epiphytes, especially the Hoya pauciflora, JEschynanihm 

 zeylanicus, and Sarcanihus filiformis. The dripping rocks with 

 Klugia, two species, Epiihema, &o. ; cardamoms with rich aroma, 

 and the true ginger plant, abound in these sholas. The rocks 

 in the beds of all the rivers, from 3000 to 4500 feet, are 

 covered with a showy orange-coloured balsam (Impatiens verti- 

 cillata). It often forms a fringe at the line of watermark,, or 

 appears in patches between the forks of a cascade. At a higher 

 elevation, other species take its place, especially one figured in 

 the " Madras Journal of Science, 1859" — Impatiens Tangachi, 

 (Beddome). A truly aquatic fern, a new species of Pleopeltis, grows 

 in great abundance on rocks at the bottom of the Torakudu river. 



16th. Started at 8 a.m., having left five elephants and our 

 heavy baggage ; after two miles we came to a river. There is a 

 large body of water 100 feet wide, 1J to 2 feet deep. Immedi- 

 ately below the ford is a village of low-caste people. Much time 

 was lost in crossing on elephants and afterwards in cutting a road 

 through tangled brushwood, each man being furnished with a 

 billhook or shikaree knife. In the bed of the river we observed 

 Entada Purscetha and Adelia neriifolia. At 4 p.m. we agreed 

 to bivouac, and erected temporary huts. Plate XI. presents the 

 view up the valley from our camp, and gives a good outline of 

 the Tangachi and Akka Mountains. About two miles after 

 crossing the river, we made a detour to avoid a mass of rocks 

 which descends to the water edge. We could ride as far as 

 the waterfall at the foot of the Tangachi. In this place, as 

 there are few bamboos and no Saccharum, we employed other 



