14 GRASS GROWING FOR PROFIT 
of the ground should be well smoothed, in order that 
modern machinery may be operated successfully and 
economically. This remark applies especially to 
New York and Pennsylvania and to New England, 
where the character of the country is largely rolling 
and frequently rocky. Thousands of acres of virgin 
land remain in these states to be reclaimed for culti- 
vation. From the standpoint of proximity to good 
markets, such lands should well repay the cost of 
clearing, if it be thoroughly done. Such a plan, with 
modern facilities, offers to the farmer in these states, 
an opportunity to increase his acreage and the pro- 
ductive capacity of his farm. This means an added 
value to every farmer’s holding. 
Photographs are shown in the text of the clear- 
ing of land for grass-seeding, including the removal 
of timber; and, secondly, the shattering of rocks by 
means of dynamite. Usually one pound of 40 per 
cent. dynamite will throw a large stump and will 
shatter a large rock in sufficiently small pieces to 
remove by wagon or stone-boat. After the land is 
cleared, the disk-harrow and leveler should be used 
to pulverize the soil and kill the weeds. Several har- 
rowings are usually necessary for this purpose. Dur- 
ing such harrowing, the mineral fertilizers and liming 
may be applied. Nitrate of Soda should not be used 
until the following Spring, and on new seeding 100 
pounds to the acre of Nitrate of Soda as a top-dress- 
ing is all that should be used the first season. This 
applies, however, only to the first year of the new 
seeding. Afterwards, 200 pounds of Nitrate may be 
used, provided adequate mineral applications of phos- 
phate and potash are made also. 
