PRINCIPLES OF VETERINARY SURGERY 185 



shock that follows the return of the inverted uterus to its 

 normal position, that organ, in addition to the bowels, will 

 be found engorged with blood. When the operation does 

 not directly influence the abdominal vessels, as in the case 

 of ablations in the anterior parts of the body or operations 

 on the extremities, the same condition is found in the vis- 

 ceral blood vessels. In these cases, MacCormac explains 

 the phenomenon as being attributed to the loss of inhibit- 

 ory influence exerted upon the splanchnics. 



SYMPTOMS. — Shock of animals is manifested by symp- 

 toms which vary according to the degree of the condition. 

 Mild cases are passed unnoticed, or revive without special 

 treatment. Cataleptic states and syncope must not be in- 

 c'uded in this category. The real shock seen in animals ap- 

 pears immediately after a wound or operation, or else sev- 

 eral hours later. Secondary, or delayed shock, so frequently 

 seen in the human patient, is never observed in animals. 

 The secondary shock of animals — if it may be so regarded 

 — occurs several hours after the infliction of the initial 

 cause. Tremor of the large muscles of the shoulders and 

 thighs is the first symptom usually observed. It is almost 

 always in evidence. If the shock is slight, reaction may set 

 in and no further notice is given to the matter, while if the 

 state is severe, other symptoms will soon make their ap- 

 pearance. The patient, whether horse, ox or dog will lie 

 down as if desiring to rest after the ordeal of the accident or 

 operation. Presently the respirations will be seen to accel- 

 erate and beads of sweat will appear at different parts of 

 the body, but especially about the head. The pulse, at first 

 somewhat full, will soon become weak, thready and even 

 imperceptible. The temperature will stand- at 98° or 99^" 

 Fahr. As these various symptoms become more pronounced 

 the temperature may fall as low as 97", and death will soon 

 supervene without a struggle. Between the mild form man- 



