190 PRINCIPLES OF VETERINARY SURGERY 



of gravity as to the hiemorrhage they yield, may cause fatal 

 bleeding, but here the flow can more readily be controlled 

 before sufficient blood is lost to endanger life. From this 

 standpoint these vessels deserve to be placed in this separ- 

 ate category in the study of surgery. 



Trivial Haemorrhages occur from the digitals, the ar- 

 teries of the toe, the plantars, the palato-labial, the nasals, 

 the dentals, and the chief radicles of the arteries classed in 

 the second group. 



These vessels under normal conditions will very seldom 

 bleed sufficiently to endanger life, and the flow is easily 

 controlled, hence their classification as third in the scale of 

 gravity. All of the other superficial arteries may be in- 

 cluded in this group, owing to the comparatively trivial 

 bleeding they are capable of provoking. 



VENOUS H.ffiMORRHAGE is relatively less copious 

 than arterial, and is recognized by the dark color of the 

 blood and the continuous flow. In venous hjemorrhage the 

 blood flows from the wound like a fountain, and runs sheet- 

 like over the surrounding parts in marked contrast to the 

 spurting of a wounded artery. 



These haemorrhages are manifestly less serious than 

 arterial ones, but are by no means trivial under all circum- 

 stances. Very serious and even fatal haemorrhages may 

 occur from veins. The jugulars, the femorals, brachials, 

 and even the tibials and radials will bleed sufficiently to 

 endanger life. The subcutaneous abdominals, the saphenas, 

 the superficial radials, the cervicals, the occipitals, the 

 thyroids, and the mammaries give serious haemorrhages, 

 while the other superficial ones may be classified among the 

 less important vessels from the standpoint of surgical haem- 

 orrhage. 



CAPILLARY H-ffiMORRHAGE.— The blood of capil- 

 lary haemorrhage has a color intermediate between the 



