308 PRINCIPLES OF VETERINARY SURGERY 



Phizalix and Bertrand have demonstrated that chloride of 

 lime effects a cure by its local action. 



3. The injection of antitoxic seraims, which have been 

 employed since the researches of Calmette. The serums 

 possess both preventive and therapeutic antitoxic proper- 

 ties, which are all the more effectual when promptly applied. 

 If the bite is recent ten cubic centimeters of the serum are 

 injected, and if systemic disturbances already exist the dose 

 is doubled. When the symptoms are alarming the serum 

 may be injected intravenously. In the dog this can easily 

 be accomplished through the saphenic vein. The immunity 

 is rapidly established, but as promptly disappears. 



CONTUSED WOUNDS. 



Contused wounds are produced by external violence. In 

 these wounds the integument is pressed in and the subcu- 

 taneous structures crushed. When the outer skin remains 

 intact, the traumatic focus is a simple contusion proper. 

 Contused wounds are generally produced by blunt instru- 

 ments which divide the skin only when the violence is ex- 

 cessive. 



ETIOLOGY. — Contused wounds are most frequently 

 caused by stakes, the shafts of vehicles, the end of a pole, 

 the friction of a rope or the application of a ligature that is 

 too tight or is left in place too long. Dollar reports the 

 history of a horse in which case the end of a pole entered 

 the right side of the chest, pentrating upward, lacerating 

 the trachea and making an opening at a higher point on the 

 opposite side. We have ourselves observed an analogous 

 instance, of a horse under whose shoulder a shaft pene- 

 trated and caused an actual dislocation of the limb. Colin 

 refers to a contused wound in a dog following the attach- 

 ment of an elastic band around the paw. 



SYMPTOMS. — Contusp-d wounds exhibit numerous 



