394 PRINCIPLES OF VETERINARY SURGERY 



Oxygenated water at lo volumes of oxygen 



Salicylic acid, i to 20 



Solution of thymol 



Solution of eucalyptol, i to 10 



Corrosive sublimate, i to 200 



Chloral, i to 5 

 The virus Foses its pathogenic properties after twenty- 

 four hours contact with' sulphuric acid, and only after forty- 

 eight hours with the following substances : 



Permaganate of potash, i to 50 



Nitrate of silver, i to 500 



Bromine vapor 

 Desiccation, and its abode in water, or soil, do not alter 

 its virulence. The fresh virus is killed after several min- 

 utes exposure to a temperature of 100 degrees C, and the 

 spores taken from the gelatine or agar cultures are killed 

 in five to fifteen minutes at 100 degrees C. ; in thirty to 

 thirty-five minutes at 90 degrees, or in eleven to twelve 

 hours at 80 degrees. The spores are not destroyed from 

 prolonged desiccation of several months, and they equally 

 resist the action of sunlight for fifty hours. Heating the dried 

 virus at 120 degrees C does not destroy its virulence when 

 the temperature is only maintained five minutes, but the path- 

 ogenic activity is abolished if the heat is continued for ten to 

 twelve minutes. Since 1869, Semmer has established the 

 fact that boiling water is not sufficient to sterilize a septic 

 liquid. 



ATTENUATION OF THE VIRUS.— In 1888, Corne- 

 vin demonstrated that the septic vibrion was enfeebled 

 by the action of several substances belonging to the 

 phenol group in a temperature of 38 to 40 degi-ees C. 

 He experimented with tannic, pyrogallic, gallic, phenic and 

 salicylic acids ; with quinine, hydrochlorate of quinine, sul- 

 phate of quinine, hydroquinone, resorcine, hydrochlorate of 

 morphine, pyrocatechine and tonka bean. He thus pre- 



