I>RINCIPLES OF VETERINARY SURGERY 405 



ease progresses without fever, but v^^hen mixed, pyrexia of 

 41 degrees C. may appear. The condition of the patient 

 rapidly grows worse and he will have to be killed or meet 

 an early death from the disease. 



PROGRESS. — The manifestations develop very rap- 

 idly. Animals die in twenty-four hours or in two days or 

 three days after the first symptoms appear. Recoveries 

 are exceptional. 



Sheep and Goat. — The disease has been observed in the 

 sheep by Kitt, and was experimentally reproduced in a ram 

 by Chauveau. In several instances it has been known to oc- 

 cur as a complication of scabies. The traumatic gangrene 

 that was referred to by Girard in 1818 has been frequently 

 observed since. 



Symptoms in Swine.— In the porcine species malignant 

 oedema occurs in both males and females as the result of 

 castration. In the female the disease begins at the seat of 

 the surgical wound by the appearance of an oedematous 

 and crepitant engorgement that often disappears after hav- 

 ing acquired the size of an egg. When the animal does 

 succumb the swelling spreads in every direction and loos- 

 ens the skin from the subjacent tissues. The patient re- 

 mains in continual decubitus and will not rise in spite of 

 any excitement to which he may be subjected, and it is not 

 rare to observe symptoms of paralysis, which prevent it 

 from maintaining the standing posture. The snout is dry, 

 the ears cold, the tail unrolled, the eyes retracted, the res- 

 pirations snoring and dyspnoeic, and the abdomen is sunken 

 on the opposite side and insensitive. Death rapidly fol- 

 lows.. 



Symptoms in the Dog. — Malignant oedema is rare in the 

 dog. Renault reported two cases brought to the clinic of 

 Professor Vatel, who also observed four cases, all of which 

 resulted from the lancing of sanguineous tumors. Soula 



