PRINCIPLES, OF VETERINARY SURGERY 517 



ings are removed after forty-eight hours and the wound is 

 disinfected every day with an antiseptic solution. 



Equine Actinomycosis. 



Actinomycosis, rare in tJie horse, affects the jaw and the 

 tongue. 



(a) Maxillary Actinomycosis. — The tumor is formed at 

 the expense of one of the jaws, and the symptoms are similar 

 to those in the ox. 



(b) Lingual Actinomycosis has been observed by Truel- 

 sen, Eberhardt, and Struve. As in the ox the tongue is 

 hypertrophied, painful, red, uneven and immobile. Masti- 

 cation is difificult, the mouth is hot and ptyalism is abundant. 

 Examination of the mucous membrane reveals the existence 

 of tubercles or yellowish nodules containing caseous matter. 



(c). Other Localizations. — Actinomycosis has also been 

 seen in the maxillary Ismiphatics, in the subcutaneous tissue 

 of the hip, in the region of the stifle, on the withers, in the 

 spermatic cord after castration, over the larynx, on the tibial 

 region, on the costal surface, the thigh, the udder and the 

 muscles. 



Ovine Actinomycosis. 



Actinomycosis is very rare in the sheep. Pulmonary lo- 

 calizations have been pointed out by Grips and by Stettin. 

 Hamond reported a case of the lingual form and Berg two of 

 the lingual and one of the maxillary variety. Muscular acti- 

 nomycoses have been observed in the abattoirs of Berlin and 

 Copenhagen. Hertwig also has met with the disease in the 



sheep. 



ANNOTATION. 



Copper Salts in the Treatment of Actinomycosis. — The destructive 

 effects of copper salts, especially of the sulphate, in destroying vegetable 

 parasites have been amply enough demonstrated by scientific agriculturists to 

 warrant their application to the destruction of the actinomyces in animal tis- 

 sues. Copper sulphate in weak solutions is now widely and successfully em- 



