568 



PRINCIPLES OF VETERINARY SURGERY 



carcinoma, the properly called cancer. These neoplasms are 

 not rare in the bitch and the mare, in which animals they 

 occur in variable sizes. They consist of a flesh-like, regular 

 growth, sometimes hard and protuberant and other times 

 fluctuating at one or more points. (Fig. 72). The skin may 

 be either intact or ulcerated. In the latter event they pre- 

 sent crater-form openings that discharge a purosanious 

 product. (Fig. 73). According to the kind of epithelial cells 

 constituting them, they are either pavemental or cylindri- 

 cal epitheliomata. They are found in the mouth, the anus, 



Fig. 73. 



Lobulated Epithelioma from the Peritoneum of a Dog. C. Central 



Epithelial Cells. E. Epithelial Lining Cells. T. Stroma. 



the penis, the prepuce, the udder, the testicles and the liver. 



(Fig- 74)- 



When located in positions that can be exploted with the 

 hands they are found to present a wide, diffused base, and 

 an engorgement of the neighboring lymphatic glands. 

 They are always incurable, and cause death by generaliza- 

 tion or cachexia. 



A few years ago the treatment was both medical and 

 surgical^ but today it cannot be too strongly emphasized 

 that only the latter is of value. (Fig. 75). For years alka- 



