STREPTOCOCCUS LANCEOLATUS. 147 



diagnosis and for demonstration purposes tlie subcutaneous injection 

 of sputum in the rabbit's ear; death follows after two to five days, 

 and the bacteria are found especially numerous and with typical cap- 

 sules in the edematous fluid, which is obtained by incision of the 

 doughy infiltration over the lower jaw (C. B. xxill, 274). 



(6) In man: Subcutaneous injection of from 0.1 to 

 0.2 c.c. of virulent culture in seven men was without 

 important effect except local symptoms, some fever, and 

 headache. 



Immunity and Immunization. — Mennes, whose care- 

 ful work (Z. H. XXV, 413) should be consulted in the origi- 

 nal, has recently obtained fairlj^ active protective serum. 

 The action of the serum consisted in this, that it renders 

 the leukocytes of normal animals capable of devouring the 

 Strept. lanceolatus (phagocytosis). Encouraged by the 

 investigations upon animals (Emmerich and Fawitzky, 

 Fo^, Klemperer), curative injections of the metabolic prod- 

 ucts and the serum of immunized animals have been 

 tried also upon man, but so far without indisputable prac- 

 tical results. 



Special Culture Methods. — The Strcf)t. lanceolatus is 

 most easily obtained by inoculating a mouse or rabbit 

 with fresh rusty sputum from croupous pneumonia, and 

 making cultures from the heart's blood of the dead animal 

 upon ascites-agar plates. It is also often easily obtained 

 from an eye with ulcus serpens corneas by the preparation 

 of streak or plate cultures upon ascites-agar, and placing 

 them in the incubator. 



Forms and Subvarieties of the Strept. lanceolatus. 



"We must frankly admit that a sharp separation of the 

 Strept. pyogenes from the Strept. lanceolatus seems to us, 

 as to many authors, to be impossible, if the typical form 

 of the Strept. lanceolatus is to be determined by capsules, 

 lancet-shaped individuals, and a tendency to form only 

 very short chains. Many investigators who have espe- 

 cially studied the Strept. lanceolatus have tried to set up 

 definite forms, which can scarcely be identified subse- 

 quently. Almost all of these divisions have consisted of 

 somewhat differently defined varieties, as is the case with 

 the Strept. pyogenes. (Compare Kruse and Fansini, Z. H. 



