186 IMPORTANT VARIETIES OF FISSION-FUNGI. 



Intraperitinieally large quantities (13 c.c. and more) 

 are Ijorne by rabbits ; infection of the pleura and surface 

 of the lung has often been undertaken. 



Intravenous injection causes endocarditis, especially after 

 previous injury of the valves of the heart, and usually 

 also nephritis. The hyperemic kidney shows, macro- 

 scopicaily, yellowish, wedge-shaped areas in the cortex, 

 in which the straight urinary tubules are filled partly with 

 casts partly with cocci, and some are empty and com- 

 pressed. Cocci are found in the urine. 



Injection into joints causes supjjuration. 



In man acne, furuncles, and phlegmons have been pro- 

 duced by rubljing into the skin. 



Toxins, Immunity and Immunization. — The filtered 

 bouillon culture contains toxic substances which act in^ 

 tensely. Injection of this into the peritoneal cavity of 

 dogs causes a sero-bloody peritonitis, ecchymoses in the 

 serosa and mucous membrane of the intestine, and death 

 from bloody diarrhea. By suitable modification of the 

 toxic property, quantity, etc., of the injected metabolic 

 jjroducts Kraft could produce all the forms of tj^pical 

 peritonitis. 



Subcuta.neous injection of the filtered bouillon culture 

 produces all the processes, from a doughy swelling, which 

 disappears without suppuration, to typical suppuration, 

 even to fibrino-hcmorrhagic necrotic inflammation. This 

 depends upon the virulence of the bacteria employed. 



According to Viquerat (Z. f. B. xvill, 487), the bouillon culture 

 contains no specific poisons, only pyogenic bodies, which are widely 

 distributed. 



After repeated injections of sterilized or filtered cultures 

 different authors have obtained entirely different results. 

 We quote only two examples: 



Eeichel observed a greater or less resistance to intraperitoneal in- 

 jection of the staphylococcus poisons in animals which he had injected 

 Intraperitoneally for a long time at intervals of from two to five days 

 with filtered or otherwise sterilized bouillon or gelatin culture, and 

 even a relati\'e immunity against the pus cocci themselves. Nannotti 

 observed only chronic intoxication and no immunization in animals 

 which had recei\-ed many injections of the metabolic products. 



According to Kodet and Courmont, this contradiction is explained 

 by the simultaneous presence, but in varying proportion, of an immu- 



