MYCOBACTEBIUM TUBERCULOSIS. 415 



of intestinal, peritoneal, renal, and meningeal tubercu- 

 losis, of dry and serous pleuritis, ^ etc. All the organs 

 may be affected with tuberculous disease. 



Part of the -tuberculous affections of the lungs are de- 

 pendent upon the T. B. alone; in phthisis, streptococci 

 play a very important secondary role as the cause of the 

 typical irregular temperature curve and as destroyers of 

 the pulmonary tissue with suppuration. "Anatomical" 

 tubercles are only in part caused by the T. B. 



The port of entry of the T. B. may be in any part 

 of the body (lung, intestine, skin, wounds of the skin), 

 and is said by many authors to be located especially often 

 in the tonsils. 



Tuberculous mothers sometimes furnish tuberculous ova, 

 or tuberculous fetuses (eventually through placental tuber- 

 culosis) ; tubercular fathers, even with tuberculosis of the 

 testicle, scarcely ever transmit T. B., but certainly do a 

 disposition to tuberculosis (Gartner, Z. H., xiii, 101). In 

 the same place are also given many statements from the 

 literature. 



(d) In animals : Tuberculosis is very frequent in cows 

 (" Perlsucht"). In newly born calves tuberculosis (al- 

 ways miliary tuberculosis) is a rarity (according to 

 Klepp, with exhaustive examination, it occurs in about 

 3 % of slaughtered calves ! ) . In slaughtered cattle as high 

 as 35<fo have been found to be tuberculous ; in old milk 

 cows, as high as 80%. 



In places tuberculosis occurs frequently also in swine, — 

 for example, in the slaughter-houses of Dantzic in 11%, — 

 yet mistakes in connection with the necrotic areas of swine 

 plague ( " Schweineseuche " ) have been observed. Sheep, 

 goats, horses, dogs, and cats sometimes, though rarely, 

 present very extensive tuberculosis. Rabbits and guinea- 

 pigs sometimes present tuberculosis rather frequently; yet 

 of 3000 guinea-pigs which were killed during 1890-96 in 

 the Department of Health of Berlin, not a single instance 

 of spontaneous tuberculosis was observed^ (Petri). 



' Pleural exudates, apparently free of bacteria, are very often of a 

 tuberculous nature. 



^ Vagedes has isolated twenty-eight different cultures of tubercle 

 bacilli from man and two from animals ("Perlsucht"), mostly from 



