CARDIAD^. — COCKLE. 31 



liar to Java, as a Spanish lady informed a friend of 

 mine that, if seed-pearls were shut up ia cotton-wool, 

 they would increase either in size or in number ! The 

 experience of our jewellers is that the effect of cotton- 

 wool on pearls is to injure their colour, and make them 

 yellow. 



Shakespeare says : — 



" Love's feeling is more soft and sensitiTe 

 Than are the horns of cockled snails." 



Here cockled means either shelled or whorled. 



The Greek KO'x\ia<;, koj^Xo^;, means a snail, or a 

 shell with a spiral whorl (hence the name of " goggle " 

 for the Buccinum) ; but it is also used sometimes for a 

 bivalve shell or " cockle." Ko^xXidpiov is a spoon. 



Camden, in his ' Britannia' (p. 962), in speaking of 

 Ireland, and of the commodities of the British Ocean, 

 says : — " There are cockles, also, in great numbers, with 

 which they dye a scarlet colour so strong and fair, that 

 neither the heat of the sun nor the violence of the raiu 

 will change it, and the older it is, the better it looks." 

 Of course, the purple-fish {Purpura lapillus) is here 

 meant. 



Locke also speaks of the " oyster or cockle." 



The Latin cochlea is properly a snail ; but cochlear 

 [cochleare, or cochlearium) , " a spoon," or " spoonful," 

 seems to be derived from the form of a bivalve shell, 

 rather than of a snail ; it was also a measure for liquids, 

 and in medicine it still signifies a spoonful, hence the 

 Italian cucchiajo, French cuiller. Cochlearium was also 

 used by the Eomans for any small shell, as in mediaeval 

 times. Some authors, indeed, say the spoon was called 

 cochlear, not from its shape, but from the pointed end 



