LABRADOR DUCK. 55 



mountainous region of western North America south to southwestern 

 Colorado and to central California at about latitude 38°. 



Winter range. — The harlequin is not rare at this season in the south- 

 ern part of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and thence is less common to 

 Long Island Sound; it is accidental on the New Jersey coast, and once, 

 March 20, 1886, has been noted at Pensacola, Fla. It is not uncom- 

 mon in winter on Lake Michigan; an accidental was noted October 29 

 near St. Louis. It winters in Colorado at the southern limit of its 

 breeding range but at several thousand feet lower altitude. On the 

 Pacific coast it winters abundantly in the Aleutians and the Pribilof 

 Islands; west to the Near Islands, the Commander Islands, and rarely 

 to Japan; also along the coast of California to Monterey and in the 

 interior to about 36° latitude (near Crockers Station). Accidental in 

 Europe. 



Spring migration. — The few individuals that winter on the Atlantic 

 coast of the United States retire northward in January and early Feb- 

 ruary, but some linger just south of the breeding grounds in the Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence until late May. The species arrives on the coast of 

 Greenland in March. On the Pacific coast the winter and breeding 

 ranges so overlap that no regular progression northward can be dis- 

 tinguished. Migratory movements are noticeable on the coast of 

 Oregon the last of March; the species was noted at Fort Simpson, 

 Mackenzie, May 25, 1904; the van usually arrives at the mouth of the 

 Yukon about the 1st of June. 



Fall migration. — The first arrivals off the coast of Massachusetts do 

 not appear until about the beginning of November, when the last are 

 leaving the Greenland breeding grounds. The first arrivals have been 

 noted at Toronto, Ontario, October 20, 1894, and at Omaha, Nebr. 

 (accidental), September 16, 1893; September 19, 1895. 



Camptolaimus labradorius (Gmel. ). Labrador Duck. 



This is an extinct species, which within the last century nested from 

 Labrador northward. During the winter it visited the coast of New 

 England and passed as far south as Long Island and New Jersey, pos- 

 sibly to Chesapeake Bay. So far as known the last survivor was 

 captured in 1871 at Grand Manan, New Brunswick. Forty-three 

 specimens are known to be in museums. 



Polysticta stelleri (Pall.) . Steller Eider. 



Breeding range. — The principal summer home of this duck is along 

 the northern coast of Siberia, where the species is enormously abun- 

 dant. Thence it breeds on the eastern coast and islands south to the 

 Near Islands, Unalaska, and the Sbumagins. Eggs have been found 

 at Unalaska May 18, in northern Siberia June 25, and downy young at 

 Point Barrow, Alaska, July 28. 



