THE CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD. 955 
Fic. 229.—Diagram of the circulation of a Teleostean fish (Claus). V7, ventricle ; Ba, bulbus 
arteriosus, with the arterial arches which carry the blood to the gills ; Ab. arterial arches ; 
Ao, aorta descendens, into which the eppesemal arteries passing out from the gills 
unite ; K, kidneys ; J, intestine ; Pc, portal circulation. . 
(in the figures) the close relation between the organs for dis- 
tributing and aérating the blood. 
Fia. 230. Fia. 231. 
Fic, 230.—The arterial trunks and their main branches in the frog (Rana esculenta). 1 x 1}. 
(Howes.) 1, lingual vessel ; c.c, common-carotid artery ; p.cu, pulmo-cutaneous artery ; 
c. gl, carotid land; aw’, right auricle ; aw”, left auricle ; v, ventricle ; ¢r.a, truncus ar- 
teriosus ; pul’, pulmonary ; lg’’, left lung ; ao’ , left aortic arch ; br, brachial; cu, cuta- 
neous ; d. ao, dorsal aorta; coe, cceliaco-mesenteric ; cae’, coeliac ; hp. hepatic vessels ; 
g, gastric ; pe’, pancreas ; m, mesenteric ; sp, splenic ; du’, duodenal ; h, heemorrhoidal ; 
w’, ileal ; hy, hypogastric ; c. il, common-iliac ; re, renal ; k, kidney ; ts, spermatic. 
Fig. 231.—Venous trunks and their main branches in the frog (Rana esculenta). 1x 1}. 
(Howes.) 1, lingual vein; e.j, external jugular ; in, innominate ; 7.7, internal josulat 
8. sc, subscapular ; pr.c, vena cava superior ; s.v, sinus venosus ; hp, hepatic ; lv’, right 
lobe of liver; lv’, left lobe of liver ; pt.c, vena cava inferior ; ov. ovarian ; d. 1, dorso- 
lumbar ; od, oviducal; r.p, renal-portal; fm, femoral; sc, sciatic ; a, femoro-sciatic 
anastomosis ; pv’, right pelvic ; vs, vesical ; ant. ab, anterior abdominal ; a’, abdominal- 
portal anastomosis ; il’, ileal ; sp, splenic ; du’, duodenal ; l. int, lieno-intestinal ; g, gas- 
tric ; p, portal ; lg’, left lung ; pul, pulmonary ; m. cu, musculo-cutaneous ; br, brachial. 
