HANDBOOK 
HARDY PLANTS. 
PART 1.—DESCRIPTIONS OF HARDY PLANTS 
SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED. 
PHAENOGAMOUS or, FLOWERING PLANTS. 
VEGETABLES with manifest staminate and pistillate flowers, 
and seeds containing a distinct embryo. 
Sup-Ciass ].—DICOTYLEDONS or EXOGENS. 
Stem when perennial consisting of a central pith, concentric 
layers of wood, and a separable bark; and increasing in size 
by additions between the wood already formed and the bark. 
Leaves net-veined. Sceds with 2 opposite entire cotyledons, or 
rarely deeply divided, as in some of the Conifere, Parts of 
the flower generally in fours or fives. 
Division I.—POLYPETALA. 
Petals, when present, free from the base, or very slightly 
united. 
Orver L—RANUNCULACEAS. 
Perennial or annual herbs with radical or alternate leaves, 
rarely climbing shrubs with opposite leaves. Stipules absent, 
or adnate to the petiole. Flowers regular or irregular. Sepals 
5 or more, rarely fewer, deciduous, often petaloid, imbricate or 
valvate in bud. Petals often undeveloped, or 5 or more, some- 
times only 3, frequently minute or deformed. Stamens many, 
hypogynous ; anthers adnate, debiscing laterally. Carpels 
*B 
