2 Ranunculacew—Clematis. 
usually numerous, seldom only 1, usually free, 1-celled ; style 
simple ; seeds 1 or more on the yentral suture, anatropous, erect 
with a ventral, or pendulous with a dorsal raphe. Fruit of 
l-seeded achenes or many-seeded follicles. A large order 
dispersed all over the world, not rare in the tropics. Many 
species are acrid, and some highly poisonous, especially the 
Aconites. 
Trine L—CLEMATIDE.L. 
Sepals valvate. Petals none, or narrow and staminoid. 
Carpcls numerous, l-seeded, indehiscent. Stem herbaceous or 
woody and climbing. Leaves opposite. 
1. CLEMATIS. 
A noble genus of woody or herbaceous climbing plants, with 
usually opposite, ternate, or pinnate leaves, and twining 
petioles sometimes transformed into tendrils. Flowers in 
terminal or axillary panicles, rarely solitary. Sepals normally 
4, but often more numerous, especially in the cultivated 
forms, coloured lilac, violet, or white. Petals none, or very 
much reduced, and passing gradually into stamens, which are 
very numerous. Carpels with persistent often beautifully 
bearded styles, lengthening considerably after the flowers have 
dropped. The species are numerous, and occur in the warm 
and temperate reviens of the whole world. The name is of 
Greck origin. 
1. C. Vitdlba. Old Man’s Beard, Lady’s Bower.—The only 
native species; very abundant in the South of England in 
chalky districts. Leaves of 3 or 5 ovate variously toothed or 
lobed leaflets. Flowers fragrant, greenish white, very nume- 
rous, about one inch across, appearing in August, and followed 
hy the feathery carpels. 
2. CO. Flammulu.—A very beautiful species with pinnate 
leaves and small narrow lanceolate leaflets, and fragrant pure 
white flowers rather smaller than in the preceding. This is 
one of the commonest and oldest species in cultivation, and a 
very elegant plant for covering arbours and walls. A native of 
the South of Europe, flowering towards the end of Summer. 
There are several slight varieties of this specics. 
3. CL montinu.—Also an old inhabitant of our gardens, 
having trifoliclate leaves on a long peduncle ; leaflets oval, more 
or less obtusely 3-lobed, with a few scattered hairs, and white 
