62 Frankeniacce—frankenia. 
1. F. lévis. Sea Heath.—A native species with pink flowers, 
erowing in dense patches, and very pretty when in full bloom. 
There are several other hardy species, none of them very showy. 
Orper XVII.—CARYOPHYLLEZ. 
Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes woody at the base, 
often enlarged at the joints. Leaves opposite, entire, with or 
without stipules. Flowers regular, hermaphrodite, more rarely 
unisexual by abortion, often in dichotomously branched cymes. 
Sepals 4 or 5, persistent, free or cohering in a tubular calyx, 
imbricate. Petals of the same number as the sepals, either 
hypogynous or perigynous, entire or bifid or fringed. Stamens 
8 to 10 or fewer, inserted with the petals. Torus usually 
small. Styles 2to 5. Capsule 1-celled, or rarely 2- to 5-celied 
at the base, membranaceous or crustaceous, dehiscing in valves 
or at the top, rarely transversely. Seeds numerous, amphi- 
tropal, albuminous, often reniform, embryo curved. Species 
very numerous; especially abundant in the temperate zone of 
the northern, but extending to the utmost plant limit in the 
frigid zones of both hemispheres. 
Tren I.—SILENEA. 
Sepals united, forming a 4- or 5-lobed tubular calyx. Disk 
elongated, bearing the petals and stamens. 
1. DIANTHUS. 
The presence of two or more bracts at the base of a tubular 
calyx and peltate seeds with a straight embryo are the principal 
distinctive characters. The numerous species are dispersed 
across Europe, North Africa, and Central Asia, from the borders 
of the Atlantic to the eastern extremity of China and Japan, 
and one species is found in North-west America. The species 
are particularly numerous in the Mediterranean region, and 
about four extend to Britain. The name is derived from the two 
Greek words dos and dréos, literally Jupiter’s flower. We 
must limit ourselves to a review of those species more directly 
interesting from a horticultural point of view. 
1. D. Caryophgllws.—The parent of all the beautiful florist’s 
varieties known under the names of Carnation, Picotee, Clove, 
