Rosacee—osa. 153 
maturity. This species, formerly more extensively cultivated 
than now, has given rise to few varieties, which are for the 
greater part forgotten. 
R. rapa, the Turnip Rose—a bush about 4 or 5 feet high, 
and almost entirely destitute of spines—comes from North 
America. Leaves of 5 to 9 oblong shining leaflets, assuming a 
reddish tinge in Autumn. Flowers in clusters, of a bright red, 
sometimes white, often double even in the wild state. This 
beautiful Rose, rather rare in France, is frequently cultivated 
in England, where it is advantageously employed in masses in 
landscape gardens. The name Turnip Rose probably originated 
from the resemblance of the spherical fruit surmounted by the 
leafy calyx-lobes to a turnip. 
R. Caroliniana, the Carolina Rose, is also a native of North 
America, inhabiting marshy ground. A shrub 5 to 10 feet higk, 
remarkable for the length of its stipules and the form of its 
leaflets, which are oval, acute, dentate, of a deep green above. 
Flowers in clusters, large, rosy carmine. This, like the fore- 
going, is common in English collections, and is equally effective 
in clumps. 
IV. Rosa Pimpineviirdt1a, or Burnet Roses.—Shrubs with 
or without spines, whose fruits retain the convergent calyx-leaves 
until maturity. This tribe is more easily distinguished from 
the others by the number of the leaflets (from 7 to 15) than by 
all the other characters. The varieties called Scotch Roses of 
our gardens belong to this tribe. The species most worthy of 
notice are :— 
R. pimpinellifolia, syn. R. spinosissima, the Burnet or 
Scotch Rose, so named from its small rounded leaflets, recalling 
those of the common Burnet. It is a native shrub, usually 
forming dense bushes 2 to 3 feet high, with about 7 orbicular 
dentate leaflets to each leaf. The flowers are small and solitary, 
quite white or shading off to yellow around the centre. This 
charming little Rose has produced several double varieties, 
amongst which we may mention the Double White, Double 
Yellow, Estelle, with rose-coloured flowers, and Stanwells, with 
delicate rose-coloured flowers, said to be perpetual flowering. 
There is a very small-flowered form in the South of 
France, considered a distinct species by De Candolle and 
Lindley, under the name of R. myriacantha, besides many 
other forms found in this country, which have received spe- 
cific names. 
