182 Saxifragee—lrancoa. 
4. FRANCOA. 
Leaves crowded, lyrate-pinnatifid or pinnate, glandular- 
toothed. Flowers in erect elongated racemes, petals and sepals 
equal. Tvtilla, an allied genus, has very unequal petals and 
sepals. There are three or four species or varieties of similar 
habit and appearance. 
1. F. sonchifolia.—This species grows about 2 or 3 feet high, 
unbranched, with purple flowers appearing in Summer. 
Trips II].—HYDRANGER. 
Shrubs with opposite simple exstipulate leaves. Petuals 
usually valvate, and stamens epigynous. Ovary 3- to 5-celled. 
5. HYDRANGEA. 
Erect or climbing shrubs. Leaves persistent or deciduous, 
entire, toothed or lobed. Flowers in large terminal corymbs 
or panicles, fertile small, sterile large and apetalous. Petals 
4 or 5, valvate. Styles 4 or 5, free, or connate at the base. 
Fruit small, capsular ; seeds numerous, minute. Between twenty 
and thirty species, chiefly Asiatic, a few from North America. 
The name is a compound of tédwp, water, and dayyziov, a vase, 
from the cup-shaped fruit. 
1. H. Horténsia (fig. 97).—The form originally introduced 
under this name is the most familiar in cultivation, and one of 
the most desirable of dwarf flowering shrubs, especially in the 
south, in the vicinity of the sea. In some varieties nearly or 
quite all the flowers are sterile, the lobes of the calyx being 
greatly expanded, and pink, white or blue, according to the 
nature of the soil; and in others only the outer flowers are 
sterile. The same curious transformation may be seen in the 
wild and cultivated varieties of the Guelder Rose. A native 
of Japan, introduced in 1790. The follswing forms, also 
Japanese, are with the foregoing all considered as varicties of 
one species; but, as varieties, many of them are very distinct 
and beautiful. 7. Japdnica roseo-dlba has the outer flowers 
only radiate, having either white or rosy toothed petals; 
HH. Jap. ewruléscens has bright blue ray-flowers. H. Otdksa, 
very near the common Jorténsia, with nearly all the blue 
flowers sterile, and in very large panicles; H. stellita prolifera 
