Valerianacee—Centranthus. 22% 
1. C. ruber (fig. 120).—An old inhabitant of cottage gardens. 
A glabrous plant about 2 or 3 feet high, with smocth leathery 
lanceolate or ovate leaves and crimson 
flowers in dense terminal cymes. The 
flowers are red, crimson or white in dif- 
ferent varieties. A plant of wide distri- 
bution, and naturalised in some parts of 
England. 
2. C. inacrostphon.—An annual of 
compact habit, glaucous foliage, and rosy 
carmine flowers rather larger than in the 
preceding. A native of Spain. There is 
a white-flowered and a very dwarf variety 
in cultivation. Fedia Cornucdpic is an 
allied North African annual with lilac- 
rose or carmine flowers. 
Orpen LX._DIPSACEZ:. 
Herbs with opposite exstipulate leaves 
and capitate involucrate flowers. Calyx 
superior, enclosed by a bracteolate invo- 
lucel; limb persistent, cup-shaped, lobed, 
or with five or more rigid bristles. Co- 
rolla-tube funnel-shaped, often curved. 
Stamens 4; filaments filiform, free, ex- pig. 190, Centranthus ruber. 
serted. Fruit indehiscent, covered by eee 
the hardened involucel, containing one pendulous albuminous 
seed. Nearly 150 species are known, included in six genera, 
mostly Asiatic. The Wild Teasel, Dipsacus sylvéstris, is a 
familiar example of this small order. In this the floral bracts 
are spinescent and exceed the florets. 
1. SCABIOSA. 
Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves entire or pinnatifid. 
Bracts of the involucre in one or two series. Receptacle 
convex or columnar, hairy or with scaly bracteoles shorter than 
the florets. Outer florets often larger. Calyx-limb cup- 
shaped, surmounted by four or more bristly teeth. The species 
are estimated at nearly 100. SS. arvénsis is a pretty native 
species with large flower-heads, lilac-blue, or rarely white. 
1. S. atropurpirea (fig. 121), syn. Asterocéphalus. Common 
a2 
