262 Compositea—Calendula. 
Trip V.-CYNARES. 
Leaves alternate, often spinescent. Involucral bracts usually 
imbricate and prickly. Florets, in most genera, all tubular; 
tube slender, ventricose. Lobes of the style with a swelling or 
ring of hairs at their base. 
37. CALENDULA. 
The peculiarity of this genus is the rayed flower-heads, the 
ray-florets being female, and the disk-florets male. Only one 
species comes within our 
province. The generic 
name is derived from the 
Latin calende, in allu- 
sion to the constant 
flowering of the common 
species. 
1 C. oficinalis, 
Common Marigold.— 
This familiar annual is 
a native of the South of 
Europe. Like many 
other Composites it has 
undergone considerable 
modification in the 
florets, forming the 
double flower (fig. 147) 
of florists. The bright 
orange flowers are very 
showy, in the latter 
variety particularly so. 
| 
Vig. 147, Calendula officinalis flore pleno, (} nat. size.) 
38. ARCTOTIS. 
South African plants bearing conspicuous orange-rayed 
flower-heads. Involucral bracts numerous, imbricated, scarious 
on the margin. Receptacled, pitted, studded with bristles be- 
tween the florets. Achenes grooved, crowned with a pappus of 
membranous scales. Name from dpe«tos, a bear, and ovs, an 
ear, probably in allusion to the woolly leaves. 
1, A. speciosa, syn. A. breviscapa.—A prostrate tufted 
tomentose annual. Leaves entire or pinnatifid. Flower-heads 
