Lleagnaceea—Shepherdia. 207 
an urceolate 4-lobed perianth, the mouth closed with the teeth 
of the disk. Fruit enclosed in the fleshy perianth. Named 
in honour of J. Shepherd, formerly curator of the Liverpool 
Botanic Garden. 
1. 8S. Canadénsis.—A straggling branched shrub from 3 to 
6 feet high, clothed with rusty scales. eaves elliptical or 
ovate, green above. Flowers yellowish, sueceeded by small 
orange-red berries. 
2. 8. argéntea. Buffalo-Berry.—This species has narrow 
lanceolate leaves silvery on both sides, and edible scarlet 
fruits. 
Orver XCVIIL.—LORANTHACEZ. 
Parasitical shrubs, many of the tropical species with 
brilliantly-coloured flowers. Leaves simple, entire, opposite 
or alternate, fleshy or coriaceous, veins immersed. Flowers 
hermaphrodite or unisexual. Perianth of 4 or more free or 
united segments, with as many stamens as segments, and 
opposite to them. Fruit baccate, inferior, succulent, 1-celled, 
l-seeded. There are 13 genera and about 450 species known, 
chiefly tropical, and more abundant in the temperate regions 
of the South than the North. The only indigenous species, 
Mistletoe, Viscum album, is perhaps more familiar than any 
other native plant to town-dwellers. The flowers are small, 
greenish yellow, unisexual, appearing in April or May. This 
plant is confined to England and Wales in the British Islands. 
Viscus or Viscum is the Latin for birdlime. The application 
will be apparent from the sticky nature of the berries. 
Lorénthus Européus is the only other member of this 
order occurring in Europe. 
Orper XCIX.— A RISTOLOCHIACE/:. 
Erect or climbing herbs or shrubs with alternate entire or 
lobed leaves and solitary or clustered axillary hermaphrodite 
flowers. The unusual shape of the perianth in the genus 
Aristolochia is the most striking character, but in the only 
other hardy genus it is regular. Stamens 6 to 12, epigynous, 
free or adhering to the stigmas. Fruit inferior, capsular or 
baccate, 3- to 6-celled, many-seeded, splitting between the 
