Contfer@—Pinus. at 
§ 1. Leaves uswally two in each sheath. 
1. P. sylvéstris. Scotch Pine or Fir.—A tree from 50 to 100 
feet high. This is the only species native of the British 
Islands, and it is now rarely seen in a wild state. The foliage 
is dense, of a glaucous hue, and from 14 to 24 inches long, 
Sheath small, persistent, nearly black. Cones solitary or 2 or 
3 together, about 2 inches long, tapering towards the apex ; 
tops of the scales elevated and ridged, with a square or 
triquetrous outline and a small shield with a deciduous point. 
Seeds winged. There are many slight varieties of this species, 
few of which are worthy of distinctive names or detailed 
notice, especially as this species is quite superseded for 
ornamental purposes by 
others of handsomer 
growth and aspect. The 
variety nana is a dwarf 
bush, vartegdta has some 
of the leaves tinged with 
yellow, and monophylla 
has the two leaves more 
or less combined. 
2. P. Austriaca, syn. 
P. nigricans and nigra. 
Austrian Pine. --- A 
handsome tree from 60 
to 120 feet high with 
dense erect rich glossy 
dark green foliage from 
24 to 4 inches or more 
long. Sheath short, per- 
sistent. Cone reddish- 
brown, from 2 to 3 inches 
long, with less elevated 
smoothand shining scales. 
Seeds winged. This is 
perhaps the best of this 
section for general plant- 
ing, being equally orna- 
mental with any of the 
others and sufficiently hardy to develop its beauty in the 
bleakest and most exposed situations. In fact, it is unrivalled’ 
lig. 215, Pinus Laricio. 
