440 Conifere—F uniperus. 
aurea and alba of the ordinary form. The Red Cedar is a 
native of the greater part of the United States. 
5. J. thurtfera. Frankincense Juniper.—A very ornamen- 
tal pyramidal tree from 30 to 40 feet high in its native country. 
Branches slender, numerous, densely clothed with subulate im- 
bricated leaves of a light glaucous green. Fruit large, ovate, 
dark-coloured, covered with a glaucous bloom. A native of the 
mountains of Spain and Portugal, and quite hardy in this 
country. 
6. J. squamata, syn. J. dwmdsa. Creeping Cedar.— A 
trailing or drooping densely branched shrub. Branches rather 
thick. Leaves of a light glaucous green, crowded, linear-subu- 
late, convex below, appressed, persistent, and changing to brown 
the older branches. This is a very distinct and curious species, 
native of the mountains of Northern India at a vreat elevation. 
7. J. Sabina. Savin.—A dwarf spreading shrub with 
numerous reclinate or trailing branches. Leaves small, scale- 
like, acute, slightly spreading, of a deep dark green colour. 
Fruit small, purplish, spherical, usually l-seeded. This shrub 
was formerly much more extensively cultivated than it is at 
the present day. Nevertheless a well-grown healthy specimen 
is by no means devoid of beauty and quite unique in the tabu- 
lar form it assumes. The variety cupressifolia is said to be 
perfectly distinct in its slenderer branches and glaucous silvery 
foliage. J. tamariscifolia, syn. J. Sabinioides, is also a 
variety; and there is a prettily variegated variety. This 
species inhabits the mountains of Central and Southern Europe, 
and also occursin Canada and other parts of North America. 
8. J. prostrita, syn. J. répens.—This is another trailing 
densely branched species with shining dark green loosely im- 
bricated foliage and small purplish glaucous fruits. A native 
of North America, well adapted for covering rock-work, ete. 
J. dénsa and J. ivetrva are two handsome North Indian 
species of dwarf habit, but they, like many other species, are 
very liable to the attacks of the red spider, except in humid 
localities. 
9. J. excélsa of Bieberstein, not of Madden.—In its native 
habitat this attains a height of 30 or 40 feet, forming a com- 
pact densely-branched tree. Leaves small, subulate, acute 
somewhat spreading, glaucous green. It is a native of the 
South-east of Europe and Western Asia, and rather tender in 
this country, J. exvcélsu of Madden is the J. religiosa of 
