582 Cultivation of Plants. 
has spread too widely, may be extirpated by the application of 
flowers of sulphur. Sulphur is, perhaps, more effective in its 
action if applied dry; but this being a tedious process, it is 
usually mixed with other ingredients in water, and the plants 
syringed with the mixture. Under glass, the remedy against 
red spider (a minute parasitical insect), namely, moisture, is 
favourable to the development of mildew; but if flowers of 
sulphur be mixed with the water, or placed on the hot-water 
pipes, there is little to fear from either of these pests. The 
red spider is never so troublesome in the open air, though in 
dry, hot seasons it sometimes does great damage. It is usually 
found on the under surface of the leaves, and increases with 
astonishing rapidity, soon covering the whole leaf, causing it 
to turn yellow and fall off. Some of the Junipers are very 
subject to its attacks, unless planted in humid places which are 
natural to them. 
2. Culture and Propagatiun of Plants belonging to the Heath 
and allied Tribes. 
Shrubs and trees requiring a peaty or boggy soil are com- 
monly known as American plants, whether natives of that 
continent or otherwise. They include all, or nearly all, of the 
Ericaceze and members of several other families, such as Berberis 
Bealii, and other species, Calycanthus spp., Escallonia, some 
of the Daphnes, Magnolia glauca, Spirea spp., and numerous 
other evergreen shrubs, will flourish better in peaty soil, or with 
an admixture of leafmould. Wemightalso mention that many 
herbaceous plants sueceed best in a peaty soil. Reference is 
made to the fact under those species growing naturally in bogey 
places. 
Although all of these plants prefer a prepared soil, there are 
sine of them that will flourish in ordinary garden soil, if pro- 
perly drained. And in the absence of peat, good leaf-mould 
and sharp sand mixed with the natural soil will answer for 
most species. Varieties of Rhododendron Ponticum, Kalmia 
latifolia, Azalea Pontica, Erica carnea, ete., ete., and Arbutus 
Unedo are the least exactiny in regard to voil. 
To cultivate peat plants successfully two conditions are in- 
dispensable ; these are, climate and soil. In default of these 
conditions, all efforts will remain fruitless. With regard to 
climate, it should be remembered that all the species of this 
group are not equally hardy; hence the necessity of choosing 
