616 Classification of Plants. 
species (Duckweed),and other indigenous water-weeds according 
to pleasure. For larger pieces of water, the White and Yellow 
Water Lilies (Nymphza alba and Nuphar lutea) first claim our 
attention, followed by such plants as Sagittaria sagittifolia 
(Arrowhead), Alisma Plantago (Water Plantain), Butomus 
umbellatus (Flowering Rush), Pontederia cordata, Hottonia 
palustris (Water Violet), Limnanthemum nympheoides, Ranun- 
culus aquatilis varieties (floribundus, circinatus, etc.), Rumex 
hydrolapathum (Water Dock), Thalia dealbata, Typha lati- 
folia, T. angustifolia, etc. There are also many plants that 
will grow either in shallow water, on the borders of rivulets 
or ponds, or in marshy ground; for example, Lythrum Sali- 
caria (Purple Loosestrife), Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold), 
Ranunculus Lingna (Spear-wort), Lysimachia vulgaris (Yellow 
Loosestrife), Spiraea Ulmaria (Meadow Sweet), Menyanthes 
trifoliata (Bog Bean), Equisetum Telmateia, syn. E. maximum 
(Large Horsetail), Carex riparia and other species, Scirpus 
lacustris (Bulrush), Cladium Mariscus (Common Sedge), Phrag- 
mites communis (Common Reed), Phalaris arundinacea, both 
green and variegated, Glyceria aquatica, G. fluitans, Osmunda 
regalis (Royal Fern), Acorus Calamus (Sweet Flag), Iris 
Pseudacorus (Yellow Flag), Sparganium spp. (Bur-Reed), Typha 
spp. (Reed-mace), Myosotis palustris (Forget-me-not), Poly- 
gonum amphibium, P. Bistorta (Snakeweed), and Potamo- 
geton spp. (Pondweed). Some few marsh plants are of creeping 
or trailing, or dwarf habit, as Hypericum elodes, Lysimachia 
nummularia, Polygonum amphibium, Myosotis palustris, and 
Campanula hederacea, which prefers boggy places, as also 
Narthecium ossifragum (Bog Asphodel). By introducing a 
selection of the foregoing aquatic and marsh plants in suitable 
places in gardens and parks, much may be done to enhance the 
beauties of the water scenery. It is not supposed, of course, 
that many of those species enumerated would be admitted 
where the tastes of the owner Jean to the artificial and trim 
style of horticulture. But as a rule, even in the wild and 
natural scenery of the park, nature is left entirely to herself. 
A few Water Lilies may perchance be favoured with a little 
attention, but beyond this very little is added to the indigenous 
vegetation, and very little is done to keep the various occupants 
within proper limits. 
b. Annual or Biennial Herbs.—We include here several 
perennial plants, tender or otherwise, which wil] flower the first 
