40 The Management and Diseases of the Dog. 
frequently sitting on his haunches with the fore legs wide 
apart ; pressure over the ribs causes acute pain; the cough 
is more frequent, the breathing shorter and more difficult, 
_and an anxious haggard look pervades the whole coun- 
tenance. 
Terminations.— Resolution, adhesion, effusion, or the 
chronic form. 
In the lower animals, recovery from acute pleurisy 
usually terminates in adhesions, while effusion is generally 
the forerunner of death. When the latter (effusion) takes 
place, a considerable and marked alteration is immediately 
manifested in the symptoms—the breathing becomes 
more and more laboured, threatening suffocation ; on aus- 
cultation the natural respiratory murmur is absent so far 
as the fluid reaches, whilst above it is considerably increased; 
percussion gives a dull dead sound over the region of 
effusion ; as the fluid increases the intercostal spaces be- 
come bulged,and towards the latter stage the dependent 
parts of the animal are more or less cedematous. The 
pulse is feeble and quick, and as the end approaches be- 
comes imperceptible. Asphyxia closes the scene. 
Post-mortem Examination.—Effusion of serum, with pus 
and bands of lymph across the walls of the chest; recent 
adhesions, and considerable thickening of the pleura, coated 
with lymph. 
Treatment.—Pleurisy, from the acuteness of its character 
and rapidity of its progress, demands prompt and active. 
measures: bleeding, advocated by other authors, is not, in 
my opinion, admissible, or in accordance with the character 
of the disease, which is excessively lowering in itself, and 
weakening the volume of blood would have a tendency 
rather to promote what of all things we should wish to 
avoid—effusion—than check the inflammatory process and 
prevent its occurrence. Purgatives are equally inadmissible, 
and, of the two, more dangerous, for if excessive action of 
the bowels is excited in any inflaramatory chest affection, it 
