CHAPTER VII. 
DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS, 
NEPHRITIS, RETENTION OF URINE, 
HAMATURIA, PARALYSIS OF THE 
RENAL CALCULI, BLADDER, 
CYSTITIS, RUPTURE OF, THE 
CYSTIC CALCULI, BLADDER. 
NEPHRITIS. 
INFLAMMATION of the kidney is a serious, but, fortunateiy, 
not a frequent malady in the dog. 
Causes.—External violence, as blows or strain on the 
loins ; long exposure to wet, particularly in bathing ; renal 
calculi or abscess ; the indiscriminate use of diuretics, es- 
pecially turpentine or cantharides—the former being a 
favourite vermifuge, and the latter being used as a blister, 
may get into the system through licking or absorption. 
Symptoms.—The animal has a peculiar stiff gait, simu- 
lating lumbar rheumatism ; in bitches there is a straddling 
crouching gait as though about to urinate, pain on pressure 
-to the loins, urine secreted and voided in small quantities, 
generally high coloured, and in severe cases mixed with 
blood. There is a considerable amount of sympathetic 
fever present, denoted by a quick, hard, wiry pulse, 
a dry hot nose, injected conjunctival membranes, and 
obstinate constipation. 
Treatment.—This must be purely antiphlogistic.* Leeches 
* Small doses of the potassio-tartrate of antimony are very useful 
(Gamgee). 8 
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