118 The Management and Diseases of the Dog. 
tional disturbance, finally the kidneys become involved, and 
the animal wastes and dies a lingering death. 
Treatment.—This consists, in the first place, in removing 
the cause. If there is stone, its removal is indicated—if 
stricture, passage of the catheter is required. Disease of 
prostate may be alleviated, but is rarely cured. 
With regard to remedies for the disease, small doses of 
opium, combined with iron, form the best medicinal treat- 
ment. 
Opi: cide anesciwessccs dies vere meeseos: + grain. 
Rerri-Sul p.scsiasinieadeesiceseenndads occa 5 grains. 
One dose, twice daily. 
Alkalies are also useful, as the citrate of potash or car- 
bonate of soda; either will be readily lapped in milk. 
Mucilaginous drinks should be freely given, and the diet be 
much the same as in the acute form, only more generous. 
Painting the perineum with iodine, or, in protracted cases, 
pencilling with nitrate of silver, is attended with consider- 
able benefit. If there is much pain, thin gum mucilage to 
which a grain of opium is added, or a decoction of poppies, 
may be injected in the bladder. 
CYSTIC CALCULI. 
Stone in the bladder of the dog is probably more frequent 
than is suspected, though the records in canine literature 
are few. 
Mr. Blaine mentions a case of a Newfoundland dog, in 
the bladder of which he found from forty to fifty calculi. 
See p. 125.) ; 
‘Mr. Youatt observes: “Of the nature and causes of 
urinary calculi in the bladder we know very little. We 
only know that some solid body finds its way, or is formed, 
there, gradually increases in size, and at length partially, 
or entirely, occupies the bladder. Boerhaave has given a 
singular and undeniable proof of this. He introduced a 
