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216 The Management and Diseases of the Dog. 
is sometimes seen in smooth-coated toy dogs, especially 
black and tans. This baldness, which is chiefly confined to 
the crown of the head and the ears, is caused by deficient 
nutritive functions, general debility, and the pernicious 
system ofin-and-in breeding. 
Treatment.—Nourishing food ; vegetable and mineral 
tonics ; bald parts to be well brushed; cantharidine appli- 
cations. 
WARTS. 
The dog, though not perhaps so frequently as the horse, 
is nevertheless very subject to warts. The eyelids, ears, 
mouth, and lips are the situations most favourable to their 
growth ; not unfrequently they are seen on the penis. 
“ A wart is a state of hypertrophy of the papille of the 
derma, attended with an increased production of epidermis. 
Warts are usually of small size, and of a rounded figure, 
verruca simplex ; sometimes, however, they appear in the 
form of bands several lines in breadth, and of variable 
length. They are generally insensible, rough to the touch, 
and their medium projection from the surface is about a 
line.” 
“When warts have grown to some length, their ex- 
tremity becomes rough, and their fibrous structure is 
distinctly apparent ; it not unfrequently happens that warts 
of long standing split and break up in the direction of these 
vertical fibres, verruca lobosa.” 
“Warts are generally known as isolated growths, or dis- 
persed in scanty groups on different parts of the body ; 
but they are sometimes met with so numerously as to 
constitute an eruption of warts.”* 
Treatment.—Excision, ligature, or caustic. In isolated 
warts the two former are most advisable, and the occasional 
application of caustic afterwards may follow. Of caustics, 
#* Wilson’s “Diseases of the Skin,” pp. 546, 547. 
