Appendix. 515 
Antidotes.—Fresh air, stimulants, and artificial respiration. 
. Doses.—By inhalation in admixture with air, 1 to 4 drachms. 
Internally as a stimulant and antispasmodic, 5 to 10 
minims, 
PRUSSIC ACID. 
This is the most deadly and instantaneous poison we come in 
contact with, and for that reason is most frequently used for the 
destruction of animals. : 
Actions and Uses.—Fatal in doses of one to four drops, either 
placed on the tongue, within the eyelids, or injected into the 
jugular vein. Medicinally (diluted) it is sedative, antispasmodic, 
and anodyne. 
‘To the dog, in obstinate vomiting, two grains of the acid with 
ten grains of carbonate of soda and one ounce of water may be 
administered every hour. One drachm of the acid with about a 
quart of water, employed slowly as an enema two or three times 
a day, lessens muscular contractions in tetanus. L£xternally: To 
allay pain and irritation in chronic skin affections, especially in 
dogs. two or three drachms of the acid are mixed with a pint of 
distilled or rain water.”— Tuson. 
fost-mortem Appearances.—“ There is more or less venous con- 
gestion. The blood in all parts of the body is fluid, of a bluish 
appearance, and evolves the peculiar odour of the acid, which is 
sometimes also perceptible in the contents of the stomach, and in 
various of the secretions, especially that of the serous cavities. 
This odour, however, can seldom be detected where life has been 
prolonged for some time after the poison has been given. When 
the strong acid has been administered, some experimenters find 
that the voluntary muscles and those of the intestines lose their 
contractility, and that the heart also loses its irritability, and 
becomes gorged with dark grumous blood. There is, however, 
much difference of opinion concerning the state of the heart, and 
the appearances reported are not at alluniform. The villous coat 
of the intestines is sometimes red, shrivelled, and easily removed, 
and the nervous centres are usually congested.”— Finlay Dun. 
Antidotes —Cold affusion over the head and neck, bleeding in- 
halation of ammonia or chlorine, fresh air ; hydrated peroxide of 
iron in conjunction with an alkali, as, carbonate of potash. 
Doses—Medicinal acid, 1 to 3 minims. 
CARBOLIC ACID. 
Not unfrequently dogs become poisoned either from the absorp- 
