Semi-Pensile, Pensile or Hanging Nests 
The nest is a cup-like structure, hung at the fork of a branch; 
it is made of shreds of bark, grasses, lichen, and spiders’ web, 
with the lining of cotton-like fibre. The eggs, numbering 3 to 4, 
are pinkish white, with fine spots and specks of brown. Size— 
78 X .55. 
624. Red-eyed Vireo: Vireo olivaceus (Linn.) 
Adult—Upper parts olive green; a dark line on either side of 
crown; a whitish line over the eye; under parts white; the 
iris is red. Length—6.23. 
Breeding Range—From the Gulf States northward. 
The nest is made of grasses, thin strips of bark, lichen, 
spiders’ web, and plant fibre, with the lining of grass and some- 
times hair. It is cup-shaped, the rim being securely laced to the 
forked twigs; from four to forty-five feet from the ground. 3 to5 
eggs are laid; they are white with a few dark specks. Size— 
.85 x .56. 
This is the most common of our vireos, being found through- 
out the woodland. The nests vary greatly in appearance, some 
being roughly made of coarse grass and bark, while others are 
beautifully decorated with white web, or some sort of white 
silky material, which is fastened all over the outside, for what 
purpose it is difficult to imagine. Almost any sort of tree or 
sapling is chosen, but the oak has the preference in most places; 
apple trees are occasionally used. 
The breeding season begins towards the end of May; prob- 
ably two broods are reared. 
626. Philadelphia Vireo: Vireo philadelphicus (Cass.) 
Adult—Upper parts olive green, more grayish on the crown; a 
whitish line over the eye; under parts pale lemon yellow, 
somewhat tinged with green. Length—4.75. 
Breeding Range—Northern New England northward. ‘‘It has 
been found in the breeding season at Franconia and Dixville 
Notch, in New Hampshire, and in the region about Lake 
Umbagog; in western Maine, it is not uncommon during the 
entire summer.” (Brewster.) 
The nest and eggs resemble those of the red-eyed vireo, 
probably the first authentic set of eggs having been found by Mr. 
Ernest E. Thompson in Manitoba. 
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