Nests in Trees, Bushes, or Vines 
587. Chewink; Towhee: Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Linn.) 
Eggs white, tinged with blue or pink, evenly speckled and 
rarely blotched with brown. 
See Page 64, Chapter II. 
587a. White-eyed Chewink, or Towhee: P. e. alleni 
Coues 
Eggs bluish white, unmarked or thickly speckled with pinkish 
vinaceous and pearly gray. 
See Page 64, Chapter II. 
593. Cardinal; Red-bird: Cardinalis cardinalis (Linn.) 
Adult  —Rich red or cardinal; wings and back tinged with reddish 
gray; throat and region round bill black; crest conspicuous. 
Adult 2—Upper parts brownish, with a tinge of dull purplish ; 
under parts lighter and more gray, with a tinge of red; crest 
dull red. Length—8.25. 
Breeding Range—From Florida northward; common locally in 
northern New Jersey, less common in southern New York, 
and rare as far north as southern New England. 
The nest is in a bush, usually in a thick tangle, either in a damp 
or dry place, at a height of from three to twelve feet from the 
ground. 
It is composed of twigs, tendrils, grape-vine bark, leaves, 
coarse grass, and fine roots, lined with fine grass, roots, and rarely 
horse hair. In general appearance it is larger and more compact 
than the nest of the rose-breasted grosbeak. The eggs, number- 
ing from 3 to 4, rarely 5, vary greatly; the ground colour is whitish 
or tinged with blue, green, or ashy, with numerous irregular spots 
and sometimes blotches of light and dark brown, and light pur- 
plish gray chiefly at the larger end. Size—t.00 x .72. See Fig. 
17, Plate D. 
This beautiful songster is one of the best known birds of the 
Southern States; his fine colouring together with his splendid sing- 
ing qualities combine against him, and as a result he is a constant 
article of commerce both in this country and abroad. 
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